Latest Analysis and Evidence-Based Research

Understanding complex issues requires more than headlines and assumptions. This section brings together research, public records, historical context, scientific studies, and evidence-based analysis related to the Salt River horses and the lands they inhabit.

From herd management and public policy to habitat, genetics, fertility control, and legislative developments, our goal is to provide accurate information and meaningful context for informed public discussion.

Explore our latest articles, research findings, and analysis below

Which Science? Rethinking the Salt River Wild Horse Debate

For the past few months, I have watched people on both sides of the Salt River wild horse debate accuse the other side of ignoring—or even opposing—“the science.” It has...
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THE GENETIC STUDY IS A BEGINNING, NOT AN ANSWER

Why Salt River horse advocates should celebrate the new research—and resist the temptation to declare victory The new genetic study is a milestone, not a conclusion. It provides the scientific...
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Looking Beyond the Slogans: Three Questions About PZP and Long‑Term Fertility

What the Research on PZP Actually Shows—and Why Salt River Needs Answers For years, I've followed the scientific debate over porcine zona pellucida (PZP) and its use in managing wild...
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Eradication: A Book Review

I don't write many book reviews. What interests me isn't whether I enjoyed a book. It's whether a book leaves me asking better questions than I was asking before I...
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Why Was 2016 Successful and 2026 Wasn’t?

Ten years ago, people from very different backgrounds came together around a simple goal: protect the Salt River horses. In 2016, that movement achieved something remarkable. The Legislature acted. Public...
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How the Decision was Made

What the AZDA Documents Show About the Salt River Horse Contract Decision I filed a public records request with the Arizona Department of Agriculture (AZDA) asking for the documents behind...
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What the Heber Documents Reveal

Heber Wild Horses: A Local Story That Reveals the Big Picture When outsiders look at wild horse debates in the American West, the conflicts can seem almost impossible to untangle....
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The Salt River Herd and the Problem of Governance

I have been asked repeatedly a straightforward question: Who should manage the Salt River horses?And if I were in that position, how would I respond to being told to reduce the...
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The Water Behind the Horses: What 2025 Tells Us

What the ADWR Report Says About the Salt & Verde Rivers The Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR) has released its annual report for Water Year (WY) 2025, which runs from October...
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Native, Invasive, and the Problem of Choosing a Baseline

Debates over wildlife management often rely on the language of native and invasive as if these were fixed biological categories. They are not. While the terms sound scientific, they implicitly depend on a prior—and usually unspoken—decision...
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Rascal: the Horse with Sky and Earth in His Eyes

We honor Rascal, a grey stallion with one blue eye that catches the light and a short, rugged mane that marks him as unmistakably himself. The first time I ever...
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The Blue Dasher

If you’ve spent time along the Salt River, you’ve likely seen this dragonfly—cutting across the water, hovering for a moment, then disappearing just as quickly. 🧭 Behavior and Habitat The...
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Looking Beyond the Slogans: Three Questions About PZP and Long‑Term Fertility

What the Research on PZP Actually Shows—and Why Salt River Needs Answers For years, I've followed the scientific debate over porcine zona pellucida (PZP) and its use in managing wild...
rrRead More about The Middle Current: Beyond the Polarized Debate about Looking Beyond the Slogans: Three Questions About PZP and Long‑Term Fertility

THE GENETIC STUDY IS A BEGINNING, NOT AN ANSWER

Why Salt River horse advocates should celebrate the new research—and resist the temptation to declare victory The new genetic study is a milestone, not a conclusion. It provides the scientific...
rrRead More about The Middle Current: Beyond the Polarized Debate about THE GENETIC STUDY IS A BEGINNING, NOT AN ANSWER

Meet Lily (AKA Flicka)

In this post, we honor Lily, also known as Flicka—a mare whose life reflects both the continuity of family lines within the Salt River horse herd and the disruptions imposed...
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Flame Skimmer — Built for Control

Along the Salt River, you’ll see these bright orange dragonflies holding to the same stems along the edge of the water. This is a male Flame Skimmer. 🧭 Natural History...
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Which Science? Rethinking the Salt River Wild Horse Debate

For the past few months, I have watched people on both sides of the Salt River wild horse debate accuse the other side of ignoring—or even opposing—“the science.” It has...
rrRead More about The Middle Current: Beyond the Polarized Debate about Which Science? Rethinking the Salt River Wild Horse Debate

Explore the River

Beyond discussions of management and policy lies a diverse landscape shaped by river, desert, and time. Through wildlife observations, photography, history, poetry, and personal reflections, this section explores the natural and cultural richness of the Salt River region.

River at sunset with mountain backdrop